An Act To Replace Municipal Revenues Subject to Business Equipment Property Tax Exemption
Sec. 1. 36 MRSA c. 105, sub-c. 4-C is enacted to read:
SUBCHAPTER 4-C
BUSINESS EQUIPMENT TAX EXEMPTION
§ 691. Definitions; exemption limitations
A. "Eligible business equipment" means qualified property that, in the absence of this subchapter, would first be subject to assessment under this Part on or after April 1, 2008. "Eligible business equipment" includes, without limitation, repair parts, replacement parts, replacement equipment, additions, accessions and accessories to other qualified business property that first became subject to assessment under this Part before April 1, 2008 if the part, addition, equipment, accession or accessory would, in the absence of this subchapter, first be subject to assessment under this Part on or after April 1, 2008. "Eligible business equipment" also includes inventory parts.
"Eligible business equipment" does not include:
(1) Office furniture, including, without limitation, tables, chairs, desks, bookcases, filing cabinets and modular office partitions;
(2) Lamps and lighting fixtures used primarily for the purpose of providing general purpose office or worker lighting;
(3) Property owned or used by an excluded person;
(4) Telecommunications personal property subject to the tax imposed by section 457;
(5) Gambling machines or devices, including any device, machine, paraphernalia or equipment that is used or usable in the playing phases of any gambling activity as that term is defined in Title 8, section 1001, subsection 15, whether that activity consists of gambling between persons or gambling by a person involving the playing of a machine. "Gambling machines or devices" includes, without limitation:
(a) Associated equipment as defined in Title 8, section 1001, subsection 2;
(b) Computer equipment used directly and primarily in the operation of a slot machine as defined in Title 8, section 1001, subsection 39;
(c) An electronic video machine as defined in Title 17, section 330, subsection 1-A;
(d) Equipment used in the playing phases of lottery schemes; and
(e) Repair and replacement parts of a gambling machine or device; or
(6) Property located at a retail sales facility and used primarily in a retail sales activity unless the property is owned by a business that operates a retail sales facility in the State exceeding 100,000 square feet of interior customer selling space that is used primarily for retail sales and whose Maine-based operations derive less than 30% of their total annual revenue on a calendar year basis from sales that are made at a retail sales facility located in the State. For purposes of this subparagraph, the following terms have the following meanings:
(a) "Primarily" means more than 50% of the time;
(b) "Retail sales activity" means an activity associated with the selection and purchase of goods or services or the rental of tangible personal property. "Retail sales activity" does not include production as defined in section 1752, subsection 9-B; and
(c) "Retail sales facility" means a structure used to serve customers who are physically present at the facility for the purpose of selecting and purchasing goods or services at retail or for renting tangible personal property. "Retail sales facility" does not include a separate structure that is used as a warehouse or call center facility.
B. "Excluded person" means:
(1) A public utility as defined in Title 35-A, section 102, subsection 13;
(2) A person that provides radio paging service as defined in Title 35-A, section 102, subsection 15;
(3) A person that provides mobile telecommunications services as defined in Title 35-A, section 102, subsection 9-A;
(4) A cable television company as defined in Title 30-A, section 2001, subsection 2;
(5) A person that provides satellite-based direct television broadcast services; or
(6) A person that provides multichannel, multipoint television distribution services.
C. "Exempt business equipment" means eligible business equipment that is exempt under this subchapter.
D. "Inventory parts" includes repair parts, replacement parts, replacement equipment, additions, accessions and accessories on hand but not in service and stocks or inventories of repair parts, replacement parts, replacement equipment, additions, accessions and accessories on hand but not in service and other machinery and equipment on hand for future use but not in service if acquired after April 1, 2007, regardless of when placed in service.
E. "Municipal tax increment percentage" means, with respect to tax increment financing districts, the specified percentage of captured assessed value retained as provided in Title 30-A, section 5227 and allocated to the municipality for the municipality’s own authorized project costs as provided in Title 30-A, section 5225. With respect to tax increment financing districts authorized pursuant to Title 30-A, former chapter 207, "municipal tax increment percentage" means the specified percentage of captured assessed value retained as provided in Title 30-A, former section 5254, subsection 1 and allocated to the municipality for the municipality's own authorized project costs as provided in Title 30-A, former section 5252, subsection 8.
F. "Qualified property" means tangible personal property that:
(1) Is used or held for use exclusively for a business purpose by the person in possession of it or, in the case of construction in progress or inventory parts, is intended to be used exclusively for a business purpose by the person who will possess that property; and
(2) Either:
(a) Was subject to an allowance for depreciation under the Code on April 1st of the property tax year for which a claim for exemption under this subchapter is filed or would have been subject to an allowance for depreciation under the Code as of that date but for the fact that the property has been fully depreciated; or
(b) In the case of construction in progress or inventory parts, would be subject under the Code to an allowance for depreciation when placed in service or would have been subject to an allowance for depreciation under the Code as of that date but for the fact that the property has been fully depreciated.
"Qualified property" also includes all property that is affixed or attached to a building or other real estate if the property is used primarily to further a particular trade or business activity taking place in that building or on that real estate.
"Qualified property" does not include a building or components or attachments to a building if they are used primarily to serve the building as a building, regardless of the particular trade or activity taking place in or on the building. "Qualified property" also does not include land improvements if they are used primarily to further the use of the land as land, regardless of the particular trade or business activity taking place in or on the land. In the case of construction in progress or inventory parts, the term "used" means "intended to be used." "Qualified property" also does not include any vehicle registered for on-road use on which a tax assessed pursuant to chapter 111 has been paid or any watercraft registered for use on state waters on which a tax assessed pursuant to chapter 112 has been paid.
G. "TIF exempt business equipment" means exempt business equipment that is located within a tax increment financing district.
A. Exemption for certain energy facilities under this subchapter is limited as follows.
(1) The exemption provided by this subchapter does not apply to a natural gas pipeline, including pumping or compression stations, storage depots and appurtenant facilities used in the transportation, delivery or sale of natural gas, but not including a pipeline that is less than a mile in length and is owned by a consumer of natural gas delivered through the pipeline.
(2) The exemption provided in this subchapter does not apply to property used to produce or transmit energy primarily for sale. Energy is primarily for sale if during the immediately preceding property tax year 2/3 or more of the useful energy is directly or indirectly sold and transmitted through the facilities of a transmission and distribution utility.
(3) For purposes of this paragraph, unless the context otherwise indicates, the following terms have the following meanings.
(a) "Transmission and distribution utility" has the same meaning as in Title 35-A, section 102, subsection 20-B.
(b) "Useful energy" is energy in any form that does not include waste heat, efficiency losses, line losses or other energy dissipation.
B. Pollution control facilities that are entitled to exemption pursuant to section 656, subsection 1, paragraph E are not entitled to an exemption under this subchapter, except if:
(1) The property is entitled to an exemption under section 656, subsection 1, paragraph E but has not yet been certified for exemption under that paragraph;
(2) The property has been placed in service after the December 1st immediately preceding April 1st of the tax year for which the exemption is sought but prior to April 1st of the property tax year for which the exemption is sought; and
(3) The taxpayer has submitted the required application for certification to the Commissioner of Environmental Protection prior to April 1st.
The exemption under this subchapter continues for property that meets the requirements of subparagraphs (1), (2) and (3) only until the certification for exemption under section 656, subsection 1, paragraph E has been granted. If the State Tax Assessor or an assessor denies an exemption on the ground that the property in question is entitled to exemption under section 656, subsection 1, paragraph E and the taxpayer appeals the denial, the State Tax Assessor or assessor shall, at the taxpayer's request, allow the taxpayer up to one year to obtain a statement from the Commissioner of Environmental Protection that the property at issue is not exempt under section 656, subsection 1, paragraph E. If the taxpayer timely produces such a statement or otherwise demonstrates that the property is not exempt under section 656, subsection 1, paragraph E, the State Tax Assessor or an assessor shall allow the exemption under this subchapter, but only for the year in question.
§ 692. Exemption of business equipment
A. Except as provided in paragraph B, the percentage of just value of exempt business equipment to be included in the annual determination of state valuation under sections 208 and 305 for tax year 2008 and subsequent tax years is as follows:
(1) The applicable percentage specified in section 694, subsection 2, paragraph A for exempt business equipment for which the municipality is entitled to receive reimbursement under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph A;
(2) The applicable percentage calculated under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph B for exempt business equipment for which the municipality receives reimbursement under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph B; and
(3) Zero for exempt business equipment for which the municipality receives reimbursement under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph C.
B. In the case of a municipality that has one or more tax increment financing districts authorized pursuant to Title 30-A, chapter 206, subchapter 1 and effective under Title 30-A, section 5226, subsection 3 prior to April 1, 2008 or authorized pursuant to Title 30-A, former chapter 207 and effective under Title 30-A, former section 5253, subsection 1, paragraph F prior to April 1, 2008, for the 2008 tax year and subsequent tax years, the percentage of just value of TIF exempt business equipment located in such a tax increment financing district that must be included in the annual determination of state valuation pursuant to paragraph A, subparagraph (1) or (3) is decreased, but not below zero, by a percentage amount equal to the municipal tax increment percentage for the tax increment financing district in which the TIF exempt business equipment is located.
A. The applicable percentage specified in section 694, subsection 2, paragraph A for exempt business equipment for which the municipality is entitled to receive reimbursement under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph A;
B. The applicable percentage calculated under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph B for exempt business equipment for which the municipality receives reimbursement under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph B; and
C. The applicable percentage calculated under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph C for exempt business equipment for which the municipality receives reimbursement under section 694, subsection 2, paragraph C.
§ 693. Forms; reporting
All notices and requests provided pursuant to this subsection must be made by personal delivery or certified mail and must conspicuously state the consequences of the taxpayer's failure to respond to the notice or request in a timely manner.
If an exemption has already been accepted and the State Tax Assessor subsequently determines that the property is not entitled to exemption, a supplemental assessment must be made within 3 years of the original assessment date with respect to the property in compliance with section 713, without regard to the limitations contained in that section regarding the justification necessary for a supplemental assessment.
§ 694. Duty of assessor; reimbursement by State
A. Notwithstanding section 661, upon proof in a form satisfactory to the bureau, unless a municipality chooses reimbursement under paragraph B, a municipality that has accepted a valid exemption under this subchapter is entitled to recover from the State the applicable percentage of property tax revenue lost by reason of the exemption. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the applicable percentage is:
(1) For property tax years beginning April 1, 2008, 100%;
(2) For property tax years beginning April 1, 2009, 90%;
(3) For property tax years beginning April 1, 2010, 80%;
(4) For property tax years beginning April 1, 2011, 70%;
(5) For property tax years beginning April 1, 2012, 60%; and
(6) For property tax years beginning April 1, 2013 and for subsequent tax years, 50%.
B. In the case of municipalities choosing reimbursement under this paragraph in which the personal property factor exceeds 5%, the applicable percentage for exempt business equipment is 50% plus an amount equal to 1/2 of the personal property factor. For purposes of this paragraph, "personal property factor" means the percentage derived from a fraction, the numerator of which is the value of business personal property in the municipality, whether taxable or exempt, and the denominator of which is the value of all taxable property in the municipality plus the value of exempt eligible business equipment. For purposes of this paragraph, the taxable value of exempt eligible business equipment is the value that would have been assessed on that equipment if it were taxable.
C. In the case of a municipality that has one or more tax increment financing districts authorized pursuant to Title 30-A, chapter 206, subchapter 1 and effective under Title 30-A, section 5226, subsection 3 prior to April 1, 2008 or authorized pursuant to Title 30-A, former chapter 207 and effective under Title 30-A, former section 5253, subsection 1, paragraph F, prior to April 1, 2008, the applicable percentage with respect to TIF exempt business equipment is 50% plus a percentage amount equal to the percentage amount, if any, by which the municipal tax increment percentage for the tax increment financing district in which the TIF exempt business equipment is located exceeds 50%. This paragraph applies only when it will result in a greater percentage of reimbursement for the TIF exempt business equipment than would be provided under paragraph B.
Any municipality that is eligible for an applicable percentage of reimbursement other than the general 50% applicable percentage described in subsection 2, paragraph A shall, annually by June 1st, provide any relevant information requested by the bureau to determine the percentage of value of exempt business equipment to be included in the determination of state valuation under sections 208 and 305.
§ 695. Denial of exemption; appeals
If the assessor determines that a property is not entitled to an exemption under this subchapter, the assessor shall provide a written notice of denial prior to the tax commitment date in that municipality, including the reasons for the denial, to the applicant by either personal delivery or certified mail. An applicant may contest a denial by the assessor of an exemption under this subchapter either by using the procedures provided in subchapter 8 or by pursuing such other actions or proceedings by which other property tax exemptions under this chapter may be reviewed or adjudicated. If the assessor determines that a property receiving an exemption under this subchapter in any year within the 3 preceding years was not eligible for the exemption, the assessor shall immediately notify the bureau in writing.
§ 696. Supplemental assessment
If the assessor makes a determination under section 695 that property receiving an exemption under this subchapter was not entitled to an exemption under this subchapter, the assessor shall by means of a supplemental assessment assess the property for which the exemption was improperly received, plus costs and interest. The taxpayer may contest a supplemental assessment under this subchapter either by using the procedures provided in subchapter 8 or by pursuing such other actions or proceedings by which other property tax exemptions under this chapter may be reviewed or adjudicated. The supplemental assessment must be assessed and collected pursuant to section 713. The bureau shall deduct the amount of the portion of the supplemental assessment that pertains to any funds previously reimbursed to the municipality under section 694 from the next reimbursement issued to the municipality.
§ 697. Audits; determination of bureau
The bureau may audit the records of a municipality to ensure compliance with this subchapter. The bureau may independently review the records of a municipality to determine if exemptions have been properly approved. If the bureau determines that an exemption was improperly approved for any of the 3 years immediately preceding the determination, the bureau shall ensure, by setoff against other payments due the municipality under this subchapter or subchapter 4-B, that the municipality is not reimbursed for the exemption.
§ 698. Appeals
The bureau shall send notice of its determination that an exemption was improperly or erroneously approved by the municipality to the taxpayer, in the manner provided for in section 151. The taxpayer may seek reconsideration pursuant to section 151 of any such decision. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a taxpayer does not timely request reconsideration of the bureau's decision under section 151, the local taxing jurisdiction must issue a supplemental assessment with respect to such property within 90 days after the bureau's determination. The taxpayer may not appeal that supplemental assessment except as to issues unrelated to the applicability of the exemption. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a taxpayer appeals a decision of the bureau to disqualify an exemption and does not prevail in that appeal, the local taxing jurisdiction must issue a supplemental assessment with respect to the property at issue within 90 days after the appeal has been resolved in the bureau's favor. The taxpayer may not appeal that supplemental assessment except as to issues unrelated to the applicability of the exemption. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if a taxpayer appeals a decision of the bureau that an exemption was improperly or erroneously approved and the taxpayer prevails in that appeal, the bureau shall promptly restore any reimbursement to the municipality that was not made or was set off or otherwise denied the municipality under section 697.
§ 699. Legislative findings; intent
§ 700. Reimbursement for state-mandated costs
The bureau shall reimburse municipalities and the Unorganized Territory Education and Services Fund for state-mandated costs in the manner provided in Title 30-A, section 5685.
§ 700-A. Additional municipal compensation
A. In fiscal year 2009-10, $2,000,000;
B. In fiscal year 2010-11, $2,500,000;
C. In fiscal year 2011-12, $3,000,000;
D. In fiscal year 2012-13, $3,500,000; and
E. In fiscal year 2013-14 and subsequent fiscal years, $4,000,000.
§ 700-B. Adjustments to revenue
Sec. 2. 36 MRSA §6651, sub-§1, as amended by PL 2001, c. 396, §43, is further amended to read:
Sec. 3. 36 MRSA §6652, sub-§1, as amended by PL 2005, c. 457, Pt. BBB, §1, is further amended to read:
Sec. 4. 36 MRSA §6652, sub-§1-B, as amended by PL 2005, c. 218, §61 and affected by §63, is further amended to read:
A. Office furniture, including, without limitation, tables, chairs, desks, bookcases, filing cabinets and modular office partitions;
B. Lamps and lighting fixtures; and
C. Gambling machines or devices, including any device, machine, paraphernalia or equipment that is used or usable in the playing phases of any gambling activity as that term is defined in Title 8, section 1001, subsection 15, whether that activity consists of gambling between persons or gambling by a person involving the playing of a machine. "Gambling machines or devices" includes, without limitation:
(1) Associated equipment as defined in Title 8, section 1001, subsection 2;
(2) Computer equipment used directly and primarily in the operation of a slot machine as defined in Title 8, section 1001, subsection 39;
(3) An electronic video machine as defined in Title 17, section 330, subsection 1-A;
(4) Equipment used in the playing phases of lottery schemes; and
(5) Repair and replacement parts of a gambling machine or device.
This subsection applies to property tax years beginning after April 1, 1996. Property affected by this subsection that was eligible for reimbursement pursuant to chapter 915 of property taxes paid for the 1996 property tax year is grandfathered into the program and continues to be eligible for reimbursements for up to 12 property tax years, unless it subsequently becomes ineligible.
Sec. 5. 36 MRSA §6652, sub-§4 is enacted to read:
A. For each of the first to 12th years for which reimbursement is made, the percentage is 100%.
B. Pursuant to section 699, subsection 2, reimbursement under this chapter after the 12th year for which reimbursement is made is according to the following percentages of taxes assessed and paid with respect to each item of eligible property.
(1) For the 13th year for which reimbursement is made, the percentage is 75%.
(2) For the 14th year for which reimbursement is made, the percentage is 70%.
(3) For the 15th year for which reimbursement is made, the percentage is 65%.
(4) For the 16th year for which reimbursement is made, the percentage is 60%.
(5) For the 17th year for which reimbursement is made, the percentage is 55%.
(6) For the 18th year for which reimbursement is made and for subsequent years, the percentage is 50%.